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On 5 June 1928, the South African Iron and Steel Industrial Corporation Limited (Iscor) was founded and within six years Iscor tapped its maiden steel in Pretoria from iron ore mined at Thabazimbi. During World War II, the global conflict created a new and more pressing need for steel and in 1943, construction began to establish Iscor’s second fully integrated steel mill at Vanderbijlpark. Initially this was only as a plate mill erected as part of a wartime programme for ship repairs and armaments. Within a few years, however, the desolate Vanderbijlpark landscape was transformed into a vibrant, industrial hub, attracting thousands of workers and their families.

The company listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange on 8 November 1989, the first South African parastatal to be privatised. In 1991, Iscor gained full control of the USCO steel works and renamed the facility "Iscor Vereeniging Works". Anglo-Dutch steel producer LNM Holdings N.V., the world's second largest steel producer controlled by Indian steel baron Lakshmi Mittal, bought a 10 percent stake in Iscor in January 2002 leading to it’s first name change to Ipsat Iscor Limited. In 2004, the company was aquired by Mittal Steel and in 2006 Mittal steel aquired Arcelor, the second largest steel producer in the world. This led to the name change ArcelorMittal.

ArcelorMittal South Africa’s steel operations comprise four major facilities, which produce both flat and long steel products. Vanderbijlpark has the capacity to produce 4.4 million tonnes of liquid steel per annum, which constitutes some 78% of South Africa’s flat steel requirements. Its product range includes hot rolled steel in coil and plate; cold rolled; hot-dipped galvanised; electro-galvanised; colour coated and tinplate coil and sheet. The company's Vereeniging operations (an electric arc furnace-based steel works) services the local market for long steel products, and together with the Newcastle works has a capacity for total annual sales of 2.2 million tonnes, 20% of which is typically exported every year. Of the remainder about 1.6 million tonnes are rolled profile products, 90 000 tonnes seamless tube and 20 000 tonnes forged products.

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